Contents
	Surveying and Mapping Package
	Cable Analysis  Package
	Forest Engineering Package


Terrain Tools

Surveying and Mapping Package

Terrain Tools consists of 2 modules.

	Survey/Map Module provides functions for entering, adjusting and displaying survey field notes.
	Terrain Module provides functions for mapping, digitizing, profiles and contouring.

Screen Examples


Deflection Lines

Deflection Lines Package

The Deflection Lines package is intended to assist in planning and layout of cable logging operations.  It includes all the functions of the Terrain Tools package plus a Cable Analysis Module. It consists of the following modules.

	Survey/Map Module provides a complete set of functions for entering, adjusting and displaying survey field notes.
	Terrain Module provides a set of quick and easy functions for creating maps.  It includes facilities for digitizing, profiles and contouring. The Cable Analysis Module is accessed from the Terrain module and provides functions to calculate payload and deflection for field run or digitized profiles.

Screen Examples


RoadEng

Forest Engineering Package

The RoadEng/98 package is a specifically suited for layout and design of forest operations.  It includes all the functions of the Deflection Lines package plus  comprehensive road design functionality. It consists of the following modules.

	Survey/Map Module provides a complete set of functions for entering, adjusting and displaying survey field notes.
	Terrain Module provides a set of quick and easy functions for creating maps.  It includes facilities for digitizing, profiles and contouring. The Cable Analysis Module is accessed from the Terrain module and provides functions to calculate payload and deflection for field run or digitized profiles.
	The Location Module provides complete road design functions including horizontal and vertical alignment, curves, cross sections, volumes and slope stakes.

Screen Examples


	Survey/Map Module
1.	Features

2.	Overview

3.	Field Note Capture

4.	Data Reduction and Survey Adjustment

Screen Examples


Survey/Map Features
Survey Module Features

	Input, editing, annotation, storage and retrieval of field notes.
	User configurable column headings and tab sequence.
	Support for a variety of horizontal/vertical angle and distance formats.
	Intermediate foreshots, radial shots and perpindicular side shots with turning points.
	Automatic correction for magnetic anomalies.
	Quickview display option.
	Interfaces to external files and hand held data collectors.
	Optional entry of ground types, drainage structures and comments.
	Optional entry of stratum layer depths.
	Import and export of survey notes from and to ASCII files.
	Import and export of survey notes from and to ASCII files.
	Closing and other coordinate adjustments.
	Cutting and pasting together sections of traverses.
	Area calculation of a closed traverse.
	Plan view display and plotting of traverses including reference points, labels and stations.
	Creating or altering traverse networks.
	Output Sheet sheet control by plan view rotation.
	Line types and symbols.
	Editing text labels using the mouse.
	User configurable printed report.
	Output of traverse data or export to spread sheets.


Survey/Map Overview

The Survey/Map module is designed specifically for survey and mapping applications in the resource industries and is the ideal tool for field oriented personnel. The Survey/Map module is organized to have basic and essential functions at the top of the menu structure while sophisticated functions are available deeper within the user interface. Beginners see a straight forward and user friendly layout and require little or no training.

The Survey/Map module operates as a stand alone program in Microsoft Windows. The "Multiple Document Interface" allows the user to simultaneously view several traverses or different portions of the same traverse. Information can be "cut and pasted" from one traverse to another. Plan and cross section views of a survey are available while entering notes, to help identify and correct errors. The results of data entry and formatting can be instantly viewed in plan map view. All output can be reviewed interactively on the screen, before plotting.

The Survey/Map module provides a wide range of facilities at all stages from entry of field notes to production of quality scaled maps. Boundaries, tielines, roads, ground profiles, layer depths, ground types, side shots, intermediate and reference shots, drainage structures and other survey and engineering information can be entered. Once entered, traverses can be closed, adjusted and joined to other traverses. Raw data, adjusted coordinates, closing errors and areas can be displayed and printed.


Field Note Capture

Field note information can be manually entered into a customized spreadsheet which simulates a field notebook. Field note information can also be imported from files downloaded from handheld data collectors. In either case the user can scroll through the notes as through a spreadsheet, adding, changing or deleting information as required.

[Screen Shot]


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Data Reduction and Survey Adjustment

Coordinates of stations and side shots are automatically calculated from relationships between azimuths, slopes and distances. The calculated coordinates of traverse stations can be overwritten by absolute (forced) coordinates and the resulting adjustment between stations with absolute coordinates is done using the Compass Rule. Traverses can be closed, joined and shifted by coordinate references. The raw field information always remains unchanged and all adjustments are reversible.

The area and closing error are automatically calculated and printed on maps.

[Screen Shot 1]  [Screen Shot 2]  [Screen Shot 3]


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	Terrain Module
1.	Terrain Module Features

2.	Terrain Module Overview

3.	Mapping and Drafting

4.	Digitizing

5.	Profiles

6.	Digitial Terrain Modelling

Screen Examples


Terrain Module Features

	Digitizing or drawing map features.
	Editing and feature manipulation operations.
	Control of symbols, linetypes and hatching.
	Overlay of bitmap images including shifting, streching and rotation.
	Multiple plan and profile windows.
	Automatic legend generator.
	Automatic scale bar.
	Creation of output sheets including one or more window types (plan, profile, text, legend etc.)
	Calculation and display of polygon areas, lengths, grades.
	Pantographing (e.g. changing scales from 1:20000 to 1:5000)
	Import of traverses from the Survey/Map module.
	Flexible import of coordinate information from external sources such as DXF or ASCII files.
	Plan and profile display/plotting of features.
	Entry and storage of attributes such as stream crossings, power lines, roads etc.
	Calculation of a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) using triangulation.
	Calculation of profiles and cross sections from the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) at any azimuth.
	Calculation of contours from the Digital Terrain Model (DTM).
	Creation of field notes (Survey/Map format) for road design.


Terrain Module Overview

Operating as a standalone program in Microsoft Windows, the Terrain module provides the user with a quick and easy mapping tool. In addition to providing a variety of functions for generating quality drawings, the Terrain module can be used for "quick digitizing", digital terrain modeling, contouring , and profile generation.

The Terrain module is fully compatible with other Softree programs and supports both metric and imperial units.


Mapping and Drafting

The Terrain module contains a variety of CAD like functions to manipulate features and text. This allows you to make quality maps quickly and easily.

Maps can be created from field surveys (entered in Survey/Map module), digitized or imported in DXF or ASCII format. Images such as scanned topo maps or air photos can also be included.

Functions which allow lines and text to be created using the mouse are available. Lines, text and images can be grouped together and collectively moved, sized and rotated.  Automatic generation and formating of labels such as elevations, stationing, distance and bearing.  Labels can be moved using the mouse.

Full control of symbols, linetypes and hatching is available.  Custom symbols and linetypes can be created and saved for future use.

Output sheets can be created with multiple views (plans or profiles) on the same sheet. Automatic legends, scale bars, title blocks, and logos can be added to create presentable output.

[Screen Shot 1]  [Screen Shot 2] [Screen Shot 3] [ Screen Shot 4]


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Digitizing

The Terrain module supports a variety of digitizers. Features such as contours, block areas, perimeters, roads and stream buffers can be quickly digitized from scaled maps or air photos. Once digitized, features can be plotted at any scale and saved for future reference.

Individual profiles can also be digitized directly from topographic maps by picking contour intersections. Stream crossings and other features can easily labeled while digitizing profiles.


Profiles

Profiles can be and displayed at any scale.  Profiles can be created from survey data, digitized from topo maps, or automatically calculated by draping a feature over a terrain model.

[Screen Shot]


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Digitial Terrain Modelling

A digital terrain model (based on triangles) can be automatically be created from 3 dimensional features. Contours can be generated, smoothed, and labelled.  Breaklines can be identified and used to control the model.  Other parameters such as triangle side length can be used to control the interpolation. Profiles can also be interactively extracted and displayed.

[Screen Shot]


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	Cable Analysis Module
1.	Cable Analysis Features

2.	Cable Analysis Module Overview

3.	Profile Creation

4.	Quick Deflection Analysis

5.	Equipment and Logging Systems

6.	Analysis and Display

Screen Examples


Cable Analysis Features

	Input of ground geometry from field notes, topographic maps (via digitizer) or external files.
	Plan display (optionally showing roads, landlings, and cut blocks).
	Profile display of traverses showing streams, road crossing and other interesting attributes.
	User controlled assignment of spar positions and heights, and working line tensions.
	Calculation and display of maximum flying load for a given clearance.
	Calculation and display of minimum deflection for a given load.
	Calculation and display of deflection for a fixed skyline length given load.
	Quick calculation of deflection using the "third point method".
	Hard copy output of single or multiple profiles.


Cable Analysis Module Overview

The Cable Analysis module provides functions for analyzing cable harvesting systems. Operating in conjunction with the TERRAIN and SURVEY/MAP modules, this module simulates most common logging systems including highlead, running, standing and live skylines.

Working from either 'field run' profiles or contour maps the user can analyze payload, clearance, and line tensions. Different types of equipment and logging configuration, can be rapidly evaluated. Alternately, a planner can do a quick preliminary analysis of % deflection without getting into technical details.


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Profile Creation

The Cable Analysis module allows profiles to be created either from field surveys, digitized from contour maps or interpolated from digital terrain models.

Field run profiles can be keyed into the SURVEY/MAP module or directly downloaded from a data collector.  Spatial adjustments can be made to position the profiles with respect to roads, unit boundaries, tielines etc. Setting maps can be created and plotted at any scale.

Profiles can also be easily entered from topographic maps by digitizing contour intersections along the profile. UP, DOWN, SAME functions allow the planner to define elevations as points are digitized.

A third method of creating profiles uses a digital terrain model. Profile features are drawn in plan view on the screen using the mouse. The elevations are calculated automatically by 'draping' the feature over the digital terrain model.


Quick Deflection Analysis

When careful analysis of payload and line tensions is not required, the Cable Analysis module can quickly plot a simple third point analysis given the desired deflection at the third points. This is analogous to the 'chain and board' (but much more controllable).


Equipment and Logging Systems

The Cable Analysis module allows the planner to create a custom table of logging setups. Included in each setup are yarder specifications (tower height, line working tensions and weights) and cable system characteristics such as type of system (Shotgun, Highlead, Running Skyline, etc.) and carriage parameters (butt rigging, motorized carriage, grapple, etc.).

Once this table has been created, any setup can be easily selected and analyzed for a given profile.


Analysis and Display

Finding a suitable yarding layout is generally an iterative process carried out by the forest engineer. During this process several different combinations of parameters are evaluated for feasibility. Using the Cable Analysis module the engineer may quickly try different scenarios such as changing the elevation of the landing, moving the tail hold, adding a tail spar or using a lighter carriage.

The Cable Analysis module provides facilities to calculate and display:

•	     Maximum flying load for a given clearance

•	     Deflection for fixed skyline given load

•	     Minimum deflection given load.

•	     Simple third point analysis.

Modeling of haulback tension, clamping and non clamping carriages is provided.

A Diagnostic Error Reporting Bar is available to assist in identifying error conditions. By simply clicking on the bar with the mouse the user is provided with a description of the error condition. A typical error condition might be 'negative mainline tension' indicating that a haulback is needed to reach this position.


	Location Module
1.	Location Features

2.	Location Module Overview

3.	Topography

4.	Templates

5.	Vertical and Horizontal Alignments

6.	Reporting Quantities

Screen Examples


Location Features

	Entry and modification of road vertical and horizontal alignment.
	Calculation and display of cross sections.
	Horizontal (circular) curves.
	Vertical (parabolic) curves.
	Calculation and reporting of earthwork areas and volumes.
	Calculation and reporting of offsets, slope stakes and clearing widths.
	Mass haul diagram.
	Calculation of road surfacing materials.
	Generation and assignment of templates accounting for different ditch configurations, road widths, cut/fill slopes, turnouts, and bridge crossings.
	Printing and plotting plans, profiles, cross sections and data reports.
	Adding and editing text labels using the mouse.
	Export of information to external spread sheets packages.
	Multiple stratum layers.
	Overburden stripping
	Automatic control of cut/fill angles by ground type.
	Control of linetypes.
	Automatic control of cut/fill angles by ground type.
	Control of linetypes.
	Culvert length and skew calculations.
	Culvert printout.
	Plan/profile and section display of culverts
	Plan/profile and section display of culverts
	Plan view rotation.
	Transition templates for turnouts and widenings.
	Alignment changes in the cross section window.
	Template and ground type libraries.
	Background display of Terrain files in the Location plan window.
	Multiple data and plan windows.


Location Module Overview

Operating as a standalone program in Microsoft Windows, the Location module allows you to interactively design a road. Vertical and horizontal alignments can be created using the mouse.

By exploiting the power of Microsoft Windows, the Location module allows the user to examine changes from different views simultaneously. For example, suppose you wish to determine what effect moving the horizontal alignment will have on a cross section. To do this, you simply set up your screen with a plan and cross section window; design changes made in plan will immediately appear on the cross section.

[Screen Shot 1]  [Screen Shot 2] [Sceen Shot 3]


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Topography

Topographic information can be entered either directly from field notes using the Survey/Map module or extracted from a digital terrain model with the Terrain module. Subsurface stratum interfaces and materials can be included.


Templates

A template editor is provided to allow you to create one or more templates to model your road design. Turnouts, curve widenings, bridges, landings and cut benches can quickly be created and assigned to sections of the design.

Location module templates are "smart" and can automatically change cut/fill angles depending on materials, thus significantly reducing the time required to create and assign templates.


Vertical and Horizontal Alignments

Creating a vertical or horizontal alignment is quick and easy. Working with the mouse in either the plan or profile windows you simply point and click. Immediate feedback is provided, allowing you to monitor slope stake positions, grades, and mass haul as you design.

Circular or parabolic curves can be rapidly designed in plan or profile by selecting PI points with the mouse and entering a 'radius' or 'k' value.


Reporting Quantities

Profiles, plans and cross sections can be output to any Microsoft WindowsTM supported printer or plotter in single page or multiple page formats.

In addition, customized plan/profile sheets can be created including curve tables, legends etc. Facilities to export drawings to CAD via DXF are also provided.


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